Exit, Voice, and Loyalty

Responses to Decline in Firms, Organizations, and States
Albert O. Hirschman
Havard University Press, 1970

7. A Theory of Loyalty

The Activation of Voice as a Function of Loyalty

When is loyalty functional

p 81
[...] loyalty is at its most functional when it looks most irrational, when loyalty means strong attachment to an organization that does not seem to warrant such attachment because it is so much like another one that is also available.

Essays
Marc Girod